By taxi
Taxis are ¥10+2gas charge for the first 4km and ¥1 for each .5km thereafter after 11:30PM prices rise to ¥12+2(gas charge for the first 4km and ¥1 for each .5km thereafter). If you are outside the centre of the city, or in the centre trying to get elsewhere, you will not be able to catch a taxi between 4:30PM and 6PM. This is because of the driver shift change.
Many taxis drivers like to haggle for prices and not use the meter especially for relatively far places. So be cautious when you board one.
By bus
Buses cost ¥1.5-2.5 within the city and can be very useful once you figure what number goes where. Useful buses include the 81 that goes between the old train station and the new south train station ¥2. The price is listed on the outside of the bus and on the bus stop sign. The bus stop sign also lists the stops on one side and shows a map on the other. Strangely, you will not find this in Beijing or Shanghai.